“Build it and they will drum.” Dedicated to research, study and comparisons of field drums. Our purpose is to collect information about historical U.S. drums (manufacture, preservation, conservancy, repair, market) for use by scholars, collectors and others. Photographs of drums, and anything related, together with informative narratives, are welcome. Interested readers will find archived postings a good resource. Reach us at emirsky@gmail.com.
First things first, the museum building is currently closed to the public while we undergo some fairly substantial and way overdue renovations. The entire lower level of the building has been gutted and is being completely redone and in the coming weeks we will also be getting a new roof to ensure that our wonderful collection of artifacts are protected. In addition to all this we are also working on brand new displays in the main hall at the museum that can be viewed in person on June 11th when we reopen for Connecticut’s day of tourism. And if all that isn’t enough, the Company of Fifers and Drummers launched a brand new website two weeks ago and in the museum section, you will be able to see pictures and research notes on many of the drums in the collection. This is a work in progress because there is a lot of information yet to go on the website and the man hours involved with adding all this information is staggering. The museum has reached a turning point and you can check it out in person on June 11th, I will be there all day to show off this amazing collection and answer questions. If you can’t make it out and still want to support the museum please consider making a donation through the site to help with restorations and general upkeep of the building and the collection.
When I started my project at the museum there was a large white rod tension bass drum and a small snare that were sitting high on a shelf with a hat sitting on top of the snare. This is where this pair of drums has sat for the last 3 decades. As it turns out, the drums were part of a larger set and had been displayed incorrectly for this entire time. After being shown a box of drum parts that was in archives I found a few pieces marked Leedy and started to piece together a wonderful puzzle. I also found a trap case with lots of parts and cymbals plus a box of old bass drum clanger pedals from the 1920s.
Pictures 1 & 2
Finding parts and pieces to that went with these drums was great but there was still a bit of confusion as to how to properly set everything up. There were a few pieces that that didn’t make sense and there were also pieces that did make sense but it was still unclear as to how they should attached the drums and exactly what it should look like when it is all set up. This started a lot of digging and phone calls to try and track down a picture of how it should look all set up. What I was able to find made me very happy and allowed me to properly assemble this wonderful set of drums.
Picture 3 & 3A
Your eyes are not deceiving you, these are not field drums but they are amongst the many drums that will be on display at the Company of Fifers and Drummers Museum in Ivoryton CT when we reopen on June 11th. These would be the only non- marching drums in the museum collection but the man that played these was no stranger to marches. This collection of drums was played Howard Goulden and for those of you who are not familiar with Howard, he played percussion with John Philip Sousa , the king of all marches, from 1920 until his death in 1932; during this time, Goulden was his principal percussionist. After Sousa’s death, Goulden owned a drum shop here in Bridgeport CT.
The set was custom made for Goulden by the Leedy drum company around 1924 for use with John Philip Sousa’s then experimental jazz band. Leedy custom made the kit as a one off, completely custom kit and was designed so that Goulden could play it standing up. The snare drum sits in a basket that is mounted to the top of the bass drum and there is a cymbal hanger and a piece of another mounting bracket that, at one time held a Chinese style tacked tom that was common for the time period. I had thought that this tom had been completely lost to time but I have very recently seen photos taken in the archives some time ago that show that the tacked tom did indeed make it to the museum with the rest of the kit so I am hopeful that it will turn up and the kit will once again be complete. The hardware included with the kit is gold plated brass and has held up pretty well over the years since Goulden played the kit.
Picture 4
The kit is made up of the following:
26”x8” bass drum - white
12”x4” Snare drum – white
14”x5” snare drum – gold (Klondike gold finish)
Chinese tacked tom – Yet to be located
Chinese cymbal–Approx. 17”
Chinese Cymbal – 14”
Clanger cymbal mounted to bass drum hoop
Wood block
Bass drum pedal with cymbal beater attached
The Trap case had in it:
7 drum stick (1 pair displayed with kit)
1 two side bass drum mallet
1 timpani style mallet
2 Xylophone mallets (short)
5 bass drum anchor spurs
1 snare drum stand
1 cymbal arm
2 wood blocks (1 mounted on kit)
1 wood block mount (on kit)
1 top mounted bass drum pedal
1 slide whistle
1 fiber trap case
1 bass mounted clanger cymbal (on kit)
The search for information on how to set everything up included numerous phone calls to other museums and vintage drum historians; including the Sousa Archives in Champlain Illinois and the records office for The Presidents Own United States Marine Corps Band. The Sousa archives supplied me with a picture of Goulden standing behind his kit with the Sousa Jazz band standing in a line on either side of him and the larger gold snare drum visible in the photo. The Marine Corps Band Staff Sgt. That I spoke with lead me to a picture in a book titled “Leedy Topics” written by Rob Cook and compiled several issues of the Leedy Topics magazine and put them into book form. The copy of the photo they had was not very good since it had been photo copied back in the early 1980s but I am friends with Rob Cook and travel out to do the Chicago Drum Showevery year which he runs, so I called him and told him about what we had. His book is out of print so Rob was kind enough to take his copy off the shelf and take a picture of the page with Goulden and his drum set and in this picture it is just him, without the band and the smaller white snare is visible. I also want to mention that my friend Marc Christman was with me at the museum when I had the bass drum and snare drum off the shelf early on and Marc was the one that flipped the drum over in the wooden cradle it was sitting in and found the three wing nuts attached to the shell and figured out the snare drum mounted to the bass drum. Also, vintage drum guru and Leedy drum nut Mark Cooper of Coopers Vintage Drums,who helped verify the age of the drums and was also helpful regarding set up.
The last piece included here only helps to solidify the already solid and undeniable provenance of these drums and that is the hat that you see sitting on top of the drums in the pictures. The hat was Goulden’s Sousa band uniform hat and has “SOUSA” Embroidered across the front. It is a wonderful piece of history and a very detailed look into the equipment used by Goulden when he played with Sousa.
After talking with the Sousa Archives and Museum, the Marine Corps Band and a few other museums that have Sousa exhibits, the only other drum that I have been able to locate on display at a museum that was used with John Philip Sousa is the Tom Mills drum, on display at the National Museum of Musical Instruments in South Dakota. It gives me a great sense of pride to know that the museum has such a unique and rare piece of history that can’t be seen anywhere else. There were only a handful of drummers that played with Sousa over the years, many items belonging to the Marine Corps band while he was band leader so the number of drums floating around out there that were used with Sousa is going to be really small and, in fact, would make this one of the rarest items currently owned by the museum. This item alone will make a visit to the museum worth the trip but it is only one of many treasures waiting to be seen at the Company of Fifers and Drummers Museum.
This collection was part of many artifacts donated by Bill Rotella
Jim Clark discusses the history of fife & drum in New England and
demonstrates some of the music that would have been heard in the 16th
through 19th Centuries.
Thank you Jim Clark and thank you Joseph Gillotti.
"I came across your blog when researching information regarding a specific style drum and I hope you would be so good to share any information you may have regarding such.
"I am trying to ascertain what colors U.S. Army regimental drums would have been painted in 1803. I have a snare drum built by Nathan Carroll which is painted in the traditional blue body with red hoops. I purchased it for the 1812 bicentennial. However, now I am researching the army during the construction of the Natchez Trace road in the old southwest territory in the early 1800's.
"I have read that U.S. Army military drums during the early Federal period were painted with blue hoops, blue body, and thirteen federal style stars. So, my question is... when did the color change from the "Federal style" to the red/blue combination seen during the War of 1812 period? Additionally, the book 'Tailor Made, Trail Worn' illustrated by Michael Haynes shows a Lewis & Clark ca.1804 drummer with the red/blue design although he gives very few details on the drum. He does state that the emblem design on the drum is conjectural but I don't know if the colors of the drum are conjectural as well.
"If you have any information on this subject I would be greatly appreciative if you would share.
"Thank you.
"Sincerely,
"Jeff Brewer"
Please feel free to provide any responses by way of the comment section below, or email us at BlogMaster@FieldDrums.com.
Artifacts
are storytellers. They connect us - to our past, to long-gone strangers
whom we’ve never met, to each other, and even to ourselves. To study an
artifact is powerful and necessary. It is a responsibility that we have
as human beings - and as drummers and percussionists - to preserve the
stories of our craft and to preserve the names, faces, and teachings of
those who came before us. Aaron and I find inspiration in those stories,
which is part of the reason why we so enjoy taking the time to help
protect that history and discover new editions of it, no matter how
small.
This
is the story of one small artifact: a roughly 5"x7" glass negative
found (in its digital file form) in the Library of Congress Prints &
Photographs online database. It is one of about 70,000 glass and film
negatives given to the Library in 1955 by the Harris & Ewing
photography studio of Washington, D.C. When this particular negative was
digitized, Library staff gave it a simple title (“Drummers”) based on
the only information they could gather from the content of the photo
itself - that four of the five men pictured were carrying drums. There
was no accompanying title or caption and the smallest date range they
could gather was that it was taken between 1923–1929 (based on other
nearby negatives in the collection).
Immediately,
this image fascinated me. Clearly there was a reason this moment was
captured. I had to know what that reason was and why that reason didn’t
already travel with this negative. As always, discovery begins with
questions. And I had a ton of questions.
With
some logical reasoning and a little bit of research, I was able to
determine that the man receiving the award in the image was the one and
only Frank S. Fancher: renowned rudimental snare drummer, legendary
record-breaker, and all-around badass boundary pusher.
Frank
Fancher, an oft-overlooked rudimental snare drum legend, posing in his
medal-covered drum corps uniform with his drum and his trophies in the
early 1920s. The centered text reads: “Frank Fancher, “Wizard of the
Drum,” World’s Champion Rudimental Drummer.” To the left it says:
“182 — 1st prizes. Cups and Medals.”
I
began my research on the guess that the non-uniformed man had to be a
relatively “big name” in rudimental drumming during the 1920s. I knew
that there were several powerhouse drummers during the ‘20s who would
regularly compete in drum corps contests held at American Legion posts
all around the country and that rudimental drumming, and these contests,
still had close ties to the military. After all, during the first two
decades of the 20th century, the snare drum in America was just starting
to see a shift from the battlefield to the concert hall. Many of the
most notable rudimental drum instructors during this era were veterans
of the Spanish-American war. Some of the greatest and most important
names in drumming flourished during the ’20s: J. Burns Moore, Sanford
Moeller, Dan English to name just a few. William F. Ludwig’s drum
company was still just becoming a household name in the percussion
community.
Wait.
There it was. Drum companies in the 20s were just starting to collect
endorsers - the best players they could get - and where else to
advertise their endorsements but in their catalogs? So off I went (one
tab over in my browser) to drumarchive.com. [Sidebar: If you haven’t
been to drumarchive.com, you really need to go there. Right now. It’s
amazing.] Anyway, I figured I would start with Ludwig, the biggest name
in drums at the time (and the company most contracted by the U.S.
government to manufacture service drums). I scrolled through a few
catalogs - 1922, nope…1923, no endorsers in that one either…1924,
nothing. Finally, as I’m scrolling through the 1927 catalog - debating
whether I’m even going in the right direction at all - there he is.
Frank S. Fancher. And he’s wearing a badge in this photo - an identical badge to the one being bestowed upon him in the LOC negative.
Frank
S. Fancher, World’s Champion snare drummer, making an appearance in the
1927 Ludwig catalog. This headshot was likely taken on the same day as
the Harris & Ewing negative.
So
I had a name, and from there I was able to finish the story. Fancher’s
name appeared in a few Ludwig company histories (and one Slingerland
history). There were a couple web pages about his relationship with drum
craftsman Odell M. Chapman and Fancher’s time with Chapman’s
Continental Drum Corps of Willimantic, CT. I found the obituaries
published in a 1966 issue of the Bridgeport Telegram newspaper and
learned that Fancher, “a champion drummer many years ago”, died on
Tuesday, February 1st, 1966 - less than a month after his friend, Odell
Chapman, passed away at his home in Newport. I learned that Fancher’s
drum - the one crafted by Chapman himself - lives on at the Company of
Fifers and Drummers Museum in Ivoryton, CT.
I found the last piece of the puzzle in Rob Cook’s The Ludwig Book: A Business History and Dating Guide Book. In
that text, Mr. Cook shares a postcard depicting two men - Frank Fancher
and William F. Ludwig wearing U.S. Army Band uniforms and carrying
Ludwig field drums - with the title “In the Inaugural Parade.
Washington, D.C. March 4th, 1925.” There was text on the back of the
postcard, too. It reads:
“Frank
Fancher and William F. Ludwig were honorary members of the United
States Army Band in the inauguration of President Coolidge on March 4th,
1925. Permission to play in the band, and honorary membership, was
conferred upon them by Captain Sherman for services rendered [to] the
U.S. School of Music and the U.S. Army Band in connection with the
promotion of rudimental drumming. On March 3rd, Frank Fancher won the
U.S. National Rudimental contest held at the Washington Barracks, DC.”
The postcard in question. An artifact that helps to tell its own story.
So
there you have it. One story told by one small artifact. And though
this story is but a pinpoint in a much larger and more illustrative
narrative, it still matters. It mattered to Frank Fancher. It matters to
me. And I’m sure it means something to anybody who has ever held a pair
of snare drum sticks and felt the weight of a drum on their shoulders,
or heard the sound of their instrument resonate through the concert
hall, surrounded by other musicians who love their craft.
What
we’ve learned (so far). We have a date, location, event, and a couple
names. Unfortunately the Sergeant First Class, Corporal, and Private
remain unidentified. Since it seems that they aren’t Army bandsmen
(judging by their cap and collar insignia) it will be much harder to
identify them, but we are currently trying to find more information on
the results of the 1925 U.S. National rudimental contest. If you have
any information at all, please let us know.
For
me its the journey of the artifact itself. Ninety-two years ago, a
photographer with Harris & Ewing, Inc. saw fit to imprint this
moment onto a glass plate. He was probably a freelance photographer with
the news service and took the photo with the idea of it being sold to a
local newspaper - these were two of the biggest names in drumming, in
town for the inaugural parade. But, for one reason or another, that
never happened. So there it sat, unpublished, in a storage room in the
studio at 1313 F Street NW, until George Harris retired in 1955 and gave
his entire collection of negatives to the Library of Congress. And
somehow, out of 70,000 negatives, this one was one of the 28,000 that
were turned into a digital file directly from the original. So thanks to
the preservation work by the Prints & Photographs Division staff, I
was able to stumble upon it while hanging out with my dog on a Sunday
afternoon. (Yeah. The internet is magic.)
But
that negative could just as easily have been destroyed. Just like so
many one-of-a-kind, hand-crafted snare drums that were thrown away by
unknowing grandchildren of Civil War veterans. Or beautiful,
hundred-year-old tambourines - with another hundred years of life left
in them, at least - that are “upcycled” into primitive wall decorations,
never to see a concert hall again. We all collectively, as
percussionists, need to preserve these artifacts and the stories they
carry with them.
So
go explore and go discover and cherish each detail you find. Find the
missing pieces of our past and bring them to light. Share them with each
other and pass them on to our future generation.
And remember that one day, an artifact will tell your story, too.
Happy hunting.
~Lexie
This
was the first edition of our new, weekly Sunday percussive-history hang
out. If you dig it, feel free to share with a friend who may also dig
it. If you have any questions, please shoot us an email at www.artifactpercussion.com/contact
Check
back next week to learn about one our favorite artifacts in our
collection: a one-of-a-kind WFL tambourine that jingle-jangled for
astronauts ;)
Drumarchive.com:
a free resource for drummers and percussionists containing the largest
collection of digitized catalogs on the internet. http://drumarchive.com/
Description: Remarkable Antique Civil War Drum |
This very rare Drum has the original stenciled decoration | The Drum is
of folk art militia style and bears manufacturer label of John G. Pike
of New York, circa 1860-80 | Drum is made of Rosewood and Birdseye Maple
and is in excellent condition for its age | Has original straps |
Measures 15″ high and 16 3/4″ diameter | A militia drum labeled by John
G. Pike [purportedly] is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and is
illustrated at page 63 of American Musical Instruments in the
Metropolitan Museum of Art, Lawrence Lubin, W.W. Norton & Co, 1985,
which states: “John G. Pike made one of the few attributable American
drums in the collection (Fig. 43). Inside its shell is Pike’s printed
label, listing his stock in trade: Premium Drums. Bass Drums! for brass
and martial bands-2 to 3 feet Head. SNARE DRUMS, the double or lined
stave drums, Made of Rosewood and Birdseye Maple, also the common maple
and Boy’s drums, of all sizes, kept constantly on hand. Repairing Done
on Short Notice. JOHN G. PIKE, Mitchell Street, Norwich, N. Y. Pike
(b. Plymouth, Chenango County, N.Y., December 23, 1815; d. Norwich,
N.Y., July 1, 1884) married Sarah D. Haight of neighboring Smyrna. It
was after their fifteen-year-old son’s death in 1853 that the couple
moved to Norwich, where they subsequently bought and sold several
parcels of land. On November 4, 1854, the Chenango Union reported the
opening in Norwich of the John A. King & Co. piano factory; Pike, a
leading partner, owned the building. The factory did not prosper for
long, and by 1867 Pike was pursuing the drum maker’s trade. This
occupation was not unrelated to another local industry, the making of
cylindrical wooden cheese boxes. New York was the nation’s leading
cheese-producing state after 1851, when Jesse Williams established
America’s first cheese factory in Rome, Herkimer County, forty-seven
miles north of Norwich. Upstate dairies used great quantities of
drum-like cheese boxes, and it is probable that more than a few “white
coopers” produced drums. At any rate, the front room of Pike’s East
Main Street house was furnished as a salesroom, with walls full of drums
hung from nails. As late as 1883 the Norwich directory listed Pike as a
drum maker, though failing health and poor vision had forced him to
curtail manufacture some years earlier. A respected Republican and
member of the Congregational church, Pike was known throughout town as
an able mechanic. The Museum’s Pike bass drum measures about
twenty-eight inches in diameter, a standard small size convenient for
parades. Its mahogany-colored hardwood shell has red hoops, and
blue-shaded gold decoration instead of tacks around the air hole. Pike
could have purchased ready-made the calfskin or cheaper sheepskin heads
he used, as well as the standard Italian hemp cords, tinned iron hooks,
and leather “ears,” but the shell and hoops he surely made himself,
carefully lapping the joints and reinforcing the laminated, stavebuilt
cylinder with internal ribs at top and bottom. James Robb, drummer of
Johnson’s Band in Norwich, had a Pike bass drum like this one, which he
claimed was the best he ever played.”
Recorded more than 100 years ago. Includes Semper Fidelis, Gary Owen, Hell on the Wabash (with modified drum chart presumably to play at speed), and more.
Per Frank Dorritie, "These recordings are remarkable and the playing is state of the art for the context. You may be interested that the bugles used herein are in the Key of F, meaning they are the Cavalry type, or possibly, Regulation G's with the tuning slides pulled out to the F line, though this is less likely given the superb intonation and tone here.
"Also attached a pic of my own fully restored Edison Cylinder Player."
"Civil War Eagle Snare Drum of the 78th New York Infantry, 1st
Regiment Eagle Brigade, Cameron Highlanders. The regiment left
for the "seat of war" in April 1862, and was engaged at Antietam,
Chancellorsville and Gettysburg and, later, through heavy fighting
in Georgia, being consolidated with the 112th New York in July
1864. The drum is 10" high with a 17" diameter, doubtless being
slightly shortened during the period of use, which is not uncommon
with the diminutive size of many drummers. Both heads intact,
retaining most of the original rope, now broken, and one of the
original tighteners, only remnants of the label remain. Brass tack
decoration around the air hole, classic painted eagle decoration
with the number 78 deeply carved preceding Reg. Original red
painted hoops. The drum is in as found/ untouched condition, having
surfaced a number of years ago with other artifacts related to this
and other New York state regiments. The drum retains about 80% of
the original paint decoration, with no imminent signs of further
deterioration. Hoops retain 95% of the original red paint with
demonstrable wear from the ropes. The drum is accompanied by the
original fine condition sticks, with artificially grained
decoration, the first example we've seen and the original cloth
storage bag, black cotton with gray silk lining, a few holes, but
very good and sound."
FieldDrums.com Blogmaster's Note: Probably cut-down based on three reasons (the 10" height; the emblazonment is cut-off top and bottom; the tack pattern appears also to have been cut off at the top and the bottom of the shell).
Description: Regulation Civil War Infantry
drum. The drum gives every appearance of being very well used since the
war, with restoration to the leather hoop tighteners and replaced cords.
Brass tacking looks to be original on drum air hole. Drum head of
bottom is torn. The paint on both the red hoops and the eagle decorated
panel is worn but retains vibrancy.
Experts in the drum community, please feel free to comment. Share your comments on this drum. If it's original, was it simply not finished (even to the point of not painting in the usual information on the banner)? The emblazonment looks so clean and the counterhoops so fresh as to suggest that if it is original, it's never been used. But, is it CW?
Described as: Antique Regimental Civil War Field Drum, eagle motif. A 1 inch crack in one of the skins and a small hole in the other otherwise very Good original condition. 14 inches tall X 17 inch diameter. Source: http://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/antique-regimental-civil-war-drum-747-c-43e48cd840 Showtime's Spring Auction, 2017, 1st Session by Showtime Auction Services March 31, 10:00 AM EST Live Auction Ann Arbor, MI, US
Civil
War Era Sewell Morse Brattleboro Vermont Snare drum in excellent
overall condition - drum retains early leather, bindings and gut snares.
Minor marks, dings and wear to drum but appropriate for an object of
this age, 8" high 18" diameter.
9th Vermont infantry drum. An unusual tenor drum dating from 1830-1840 most likely from milita use prior to war. Drum is marked with 9 VT INF in blue pain on old red surface. It has been repaired and restored by Charles Soistman of "The Rolling Drum Shop"- Drum retains early paint, one original hoop (now damaged) and canvas hanger with two period correct drumsticks. 17 in High x 16 diameter.
